Leviticus 18 commands and repetitions of capital penalties found elsewhere (by me)

blue = subject and sin; red = penalty. “Uncover the nakedness” = have sexual relations with. “Cut off” = put to death (apparently, but may mean from the congregation or sanctuary). It is doubtful “Cursed” in Dt. 27 always denotes the death penalty, but if so, it appears that v. 17 is the only mention of the death penalty being ordained for removing a neighbor's landmark, or making the blind to wander out of the way (v. 18), and would make any violation of the Mosaic law a capital sin (v. 26).

See more capital sins HERE. Adam Clarke's chapter summations are NEXT. A more detailed summation follows HERE

Leviticus 18 commands

Penalties for the same in Lev. 20

Death penalties found elsewhere

Miscl. other references excluding the death penalty

(Lev 18:3-4) "After the doings of the land of Egypt, wherein ye dwelt, shall ye not do: and after the doings of the land of Canaan, whither I bring you, shall ye not do: neither shall ye walk in their ordinances. {4} Ye shall do my judgments, and keep mine ordinances, to walk therein: I am the LORD your God."

Lev 20:23 And ye shall not walk in the manners of the nation, which I cast out before you: for they committed all these things, and therefore I abhorred them.

 

Exo. 23:24; Lev. 20:23; Dt. 12:4,30,31; Jer. 10:2,3; Eze. 20:7,8; Rom. 12:2

 

(Lev 18:5) "Ye shall therefore keep my statutes, and my judgments: which if a man do, he shall live in them: I am the LORD."


 

Eze. 20:11, 13,21; Luk. 10:28; Rom. 10:5; Gal. 3:12

(Lev 18:6) "None of you shall approach to any that is near of kin to him, to uncover their nakedness: I am the LORD."

(Lev 18:7) "The nakedness of thy father, or the nakedness of thy mother, shalt thou not uncover: she is thy mother; thou shalt not uncover her nakedness."

(Lev 18:8) "The nakedness of thy father's wife shalt thou not uncover: it is thy father's nakedness."

(Lev 20:11) "And the man that lieth with his father's wife hath uncovered his father's nakedness: both of them shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them."

 

(Dt 27:20) "Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife; because he uncovereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen."



 

Gen. 35:22, Gen. 49:4; Dt 22:30; 27:20; 2Sa. 16:21, 2Sa. 16:22; Eze. 22:10; Amos. 2:7; Cf. Eze. 22:20; 1Co. 5:1

(Lev 18:9) "The nakedness of thy sister, the daughter of thy father, or daughter of thy mother, whether she be born at home, or born abroad, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover."

(Lev 18:11) "The nakedness of thy father's wife's daughter, begotten of thy father, she is thy sister, thou shalt not uncover her nakedness."

(Lev 20:17) "And if a man shall take his sister, his father's daughter, or his mother's daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness; it is a wicked thing; and they shall be cut off in the sight of their people: he hath uncovered his sister's nakedness; he shall bear his iniquity."

Dt 27:22 Cursed be he that lieth with his sister, the daughter of his father, or the daughter of his mother. And all the people shall say, Amen.

2Sa. 13:11-14; Eze. 22:11

(Lev 18:10) "The nakedness of thy son's daughter, or of thy daughter's daughter, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover: for theirs is thine own nakedness."



 

 

 

(Lev 18:12) "Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's sister: she is thy father's near kinswoman."

(Lev 18:13) "Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister; for she is thy mother's near kinswoman."

Lev 20:19 And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister: for he uncovereth his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

 

Exo. 6:20


(Lev 18:14) "Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's brother, thou shalt not approach to his wife: she is thine aunt."

Lev 20:20 And if a man shall lie with his uncle's wife, he hath uncovered his uncle's nakedness: they shall bear their sin; they shall die childless.

 


(Lev 18:15) "Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy daughter in law: she is thy son's wife; thou shalt not uncover her nakedness."

(Lev 20:12) "And if a man lie with his daughter in law, both of them shall surely be put to death: they have wrought confusion; their blood shall be upon them."

 

Gen. 38:18,19, Gen. 38:26; Eze. 22:11

(Lev 18:16) "Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy brother's wife: [while he is still alive] it is thy brother's nakedness."

Lev 20:21 And if a man shall take his brother's wife, it is an unclean thing: he hath uncovered his brother's nakedness; they shall be childless

 

Lev 20:21 (they shall die childless).

Dt. 25:5; Mat. 14:3, Mat. 14:4, Mat. 22:24; Mark. 6:17, Mark. 12:19; Luk. 3:19

(Lev 18:17a) "Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of a woman and her daughter,

 

(Lev 20:14) "And if a man take a wife and her mother, it is wickedness: they shall be burnt with fire*, both he and they; that there be no wickedness among you."

*After death: Josh. 7

(Dt 27:23) "Cursed be he that lieth with his mother in law. And all the people shall say, Amen."

Dt 27:23; Amos. 2:7 (similar)

(Lev 18:17b) neither shalt thou take her son's daughter, or her daughter's daughter, to uncover her nakedness; for they are her near kinswomen: it is wickedness."

 

 

 

(Lev 18:18) "Neither shalt thou take a wife to her sister, to vex her, to uncover her nakedness, beside the other in her life time." 

 

 

Gen. 30:15 (unintentional)

(Lev 18:19) "Also thou shalt not approach unto a woman to uncover her nakedness, as long as she is put apart for her uncleanness."

 

(Lev 20:18) "And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness; ... both of them shall be cut off from among their people."



 

Lev. 15:19,24 Eze. 18:6, Eze. 22:10

(Lev 18:20) "Moreover thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her."

 

(Lev 20:10) "And the man that committeth adultery with another man's wife, even he that committeth adultery with his neighbour's wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death."

(Dt 22:22) "If a man be found lying with a woman married to an husband, then they shall both of them die, both the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou put away evil from Israel."

(Dt 22:25) "But if a man find a betrothed damsel in the field, and the man force her, and lie with her: then the man only that lay with her shall die:"

Dt. 22:25; 2Sa. 11:4; Mat. 5:27,28; Rom. 2:22; 1Co. 6:9; Gal. 5:19; Heb. 13:4

(Lev 18:21) "And thou shalt not let any of thy seed pass through the fire to Molech, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God: I am the LORD."

 

(Lev 20:2) "Again, thou shalt say to the children of Israel, Whosoever he be of the children of Israel, or of the strangers that sojourn in Israel, that giveth any of his seed unto Molech; he shall surely be put to death: the people of the land shall stone him with stones."

 

 

Dt. 12:31; 18:10; 27:15 ; 2Ki. 16:3, 2Ki. 21:6, 2Ki. 23:10; Psa. 106:37, Psa. 106:38; Jer. 7:31; Jer. 19:5; Eze. 20:31, Eze. 23:37

(Lev 18:22) "Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is abomination."

 

(Lev 20:13) "If a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them."

 

 

Gen. 19:5; Jdg. 19:22; 1Ki. 14:24; Rom. 1:26, Rom. 1:27; 1Co. 6:9; 1Ti. 1:10; Jud. 1:7

(Lev 18:23) "Neither shalt thou lie with any beast to defile thyself therewith: neither shall any woman stand before a beast to lie down thereto: it is confusion."

(Lev 20:15) "And if a man lie with a beast, he shall surely be put to death: and ye shall slay the beast. {16} "And if a woman approach unto any beast, and lie down thereto, thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them."

(Exo 22:19) "Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death."

(Dt 27:21) Cursed be he that lieth with any manner of beast. And all the people shall say, Amen.

Dt. 27:21

 

(Lev 20:6) "And the soul that turneth after such as have familiar spirits, and after wizards, to go a whoring after them, I will even set my face against that soul, and will cut him off from among his people."

(Lev 20:27) A man also or woman that hath a familiar spirit, or that is a wizard, shall surely be put to death: they shall stone them with stones: their blood shall be upon them. 

(Exo 22:18) "Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live."

(Dt 18:20) But the prophet, which shall presume to speak a word in my name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or that shall speak in the name of other gods, even that prophet shall die.

Lev. 19:26,31; Dt. 18:10-14; Isa. 8:19 Exo. 34:15, Exo. 34:16; Num. 15:39; Psa. 73:27; Eze. 6:9; Hos. 4:12

 

(Lev 20:9) "For every one that curseth his father or his mother shall be surely put to death: he hath cursed his father or his mother; his blood shall be upon him." 

Exo 21:17 And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death.

Dt. 27:16; Prov. 20:20, Prov. 30:11,17; Mat. 15:3-6; Mark. 7:10, 11

All in their context are stated to be causative of the pagan's expulsion, and collectively referred to as an abomination

Lev 18:24-25 Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things: for in all these the nations are defiled which I cast out before you: And the land is defiled: therefore I do visit the iniquity thereof upon it, and the land itself vomiteth out her inhabitants. ... {27} "(For all these abominations have the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled;)"

 

Lev 20:22 Ye shall therefore keep all my statutes, and all my judgments, and do them: that the land, whither I bring you to dwell therein, spue you not out.

Dt 9:4 Speak not thou in thine heart, after that the LORD thy God hath cast them out from before thee, saying, For my righteousness the LORD hath brought me in to possess this land: but for the wickedness of these nations the LORD doth drive them out from before thee.

Dt 18:12 For all that do these things are an abomination unto the LORD: and because of these abominations the LORD thy God doth drive them out from before thee.

^

Note: The incest laws in Leviticus 18 and 20 do not include a specific prohibition of sex with one’s

full sister or daughter. The reason is probably that the opening heading in Lev 18:6, “no one shall

approach any flesh of his flesh,” automatically forbids such relationships, along with sex with

one’s mother, as the closest kin. Sex with one’s mother is explicitly addressed in 18:7 only in

order to establish that all other incestuous unions are, in one way or another, a violation of one’s

mother or father. The remainder of the list in 18:8-18 shows which more distant kin-relations

beyond mother, sister, and daughter are forbidden. Cf. Milgrom 2000, 1527-30.

Source: Notes to Gagnon’s Essay in the Gagnon-Via Two Views Book, p. 13

http://www.robgagnon.net/2Views/HomoViaRespNotesRev.pdf</ref>


Adam Clarke Summation of chapters in Leviticus Clarke overall provides excellent chapter summations, though sometimes I take issue with his commentary

Leviticus 1 -

The Lord calls to Moses out of the tabernacle, and gives him directions concerning burnt-offerings of the beeve kind, Lev. 1:1, Lev. 1:2. The burnt-offering to be a male without blemish, Lev. 1:3. The person bringing it to lay his hands upon its head, that it might be accepted for him, Lev. 1:4. He is to kill, flay, and cut it in pieces, and bring the blood to the priests, that they might sprinkle it round about the altar, Lev. 1:5, Lev. 1:6. All the pieces to be laid upon the altar and burnt, Lev. 1:7-9. Directions concerning offerings of the Smaller Cattle, such as sheep and goats, Lev. 1:10-13. Directions concerning offerings of Fowls, such as doves and pigeons, Lev. 1:14-17.

Leviticus 2 -

The meat-offering of flour with oil and incense, Lev. 2:1-3. The oblation of the meat-offering baked in the oven and in the pan, Lev. 2:4-6. The meat-offering baked in the frying-pan, Lev. 2:7-10. No leaven nor honey to be offered with the meat-offering, Lev. 2:11. The oblation of the first-fruits, Lev. 2:12. Salt to be offered with the meat offering, Lev. 2:13. Green ears dried by the fire, and corn to be beaten out of full ears, with oil and frankincense, to be offered as a meat-offering of first-fruits, Lev. 2:14-16.

Leviticus 3 -

The law of the peace-offering in general, Lev. 3:1-5. That of the peace-offering taken from the flock, Lev. 3:6-11; and the same when the offering is a goat, Lev. 3:12-17.

Leviticus 4 -

The law concerning the sin-offering for transgressions committed through ignorance, Lev. 4:1, Lev. 4:2. For the priest thus sinning, Lev. 4:3-12. For the sins of ignorance of the whole congregation, Lev. 4:13-21. For the sins of ignorance of a ruler, Lev. 4:22-26. For the sins of ignorance of any of the common people, Lev. 4:27-35.

Leviticus 5 -

Concerning witnesses who, being adjured, refuse to tell the truth, Lev. 5:1. Of those who contract defilement by touching unclean things or persons, Lev. 5:2, Lev. 5:3. Of those who bind themselves by vows or oaths, and do not fulfill them, Lev. 5:4, Lev. 5:5. The trespass-offering prescribed in such cases, a lamb or a kid, Lev. 5:6; a turtle-dove or two young pigeons, Lev. 5:7-10; or an ephah of fine flour with oil and frankincense, Lev. 5:11-13. Other laws relative to trespasses, through ignorance in holy things, Lev. 5:14-16. Of trespasses in things unknown, Lev. 5:17-19.

Leviticus 6 -

Laws relative to detention of property entrusted to the care of another, to robbery, and deceit, Lev. 6:1, Lev. 6:2; finding of goods lost, keeping them from their owner, and swearing falsely, Lev. 6:3. Such a person shall not only restore what he has thus unlawfully gotten, but shall add a fifth part of the value of the property besides, Lev. 6:4, Lev. 6:5; and bring a ram without blemish, for a trespass-offering to the Lord, Lev. 6:6, Lev. 6:7. Laws relative to the burnt-offering and the perpetual fire, Lev. 6:8-13. Law of the meat-offering, and who may lawfully eat of it, Lev. 6:14-18. Laws relative to the offerings of Aaron and his sons and their successors, on the day of their anointing, Lev. 6:19-23. Laws relative to the sin-offering, and those who might eat of it, Lev. 6:24-30.

Leviticus 7 -

The law of the trespass-offering, and the priest’s portion in it, Lev. 7:1-7. As also in the sin-offerings and meat-offerings, Lev. 7:8-10. The law of the sacrifice of peace-offering, Lev. 7:11, whether it was a thanksgiving - offering, Lev. 7:12-15; or a Vow or voluntary offering, Lev. 7:16-18. Concerning the flesh that touched any unclean thing, Lev. 7:19, Lev. 7:20, and the person who touched any thing unclean, Lev. 7:21. Laws concerning eating of fat, Lev. 7:22-25, and concerning eating of blood, Lev. 7:26, Lev. 7:27. Farther ordinances concerning the peace-offerings and the priest’s portion in them, Lev. 7:28-36. Conclusion of the laws and ordinances relative to burnt-offerings, meat-offerings, sin-offerings, and peace-offerings, delivered in this and the preceding chapters, Lev. 7:37, Lev. 7:38.

Leviticus 8 -

Moses is commanded to consecrate Aaron and his sons, Lev. 8:1-3. Moses convenes the congregation; washes, clothes, and anoints Aaron, Lev. 8:4-12. He also clothes Aaron’s sons, Lev. 8:13. Offers a bullock for them as a sin-offering, Lev. 8:14-17. And a ram for a burnt-offering, Lev. 8:18-21. And another ram for a consecration-offering, Lev. 8:22-24. The fat, with cakes of unleavened bread, and the right shoulder of the ram, he offers as a wave-offering, and afterwards burns, Lev. 8:25-28. The breast, which was the part of Moses, he also waves, Lev. 8:29. And sprinkles oil and blood upon Aaron and his sons, Lev. 8:30. The flesh of the consecration ram is to be boiled and eaten at the door of the tabernacle, Lev. 8:31, Lev. 8:32. Moses commands Aaron and his sons to abide seven days at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, which they do accordingly, Lev. 8:33-36.

Leviticus 9 -

Aaron is commanded to offer, on the eighth day, a sin-offering and a burnt-offering, Lev. 9:1, Lev. 9:2. The people are commanded also to offer a sin-offering, a burnt-offering, peace-offerings, and a meat-offering, Lev. 9:3, Lev. 9:4. They do as they were commanded; and Moses promises that God shall appear among them, Lev. 9:5, Lev. 9:6. Aaron is commanded to make an atonement for the people, Lev. 9:7. He and his sons prepare and offer the different sacrifices, Lev. 9:8-21. Aaron and Moses bless the congregation, Lev. 9:22, Lev. 9:23. And the fire of the Lord consumes the sacrifice, Lev. 9:24.

Leviticus 10 -

Nadab and Abihu offer strange fire before the Lord, and are destroyed, Lev. 10:1-5. Aaron and his family forbidden to mourn for them, Lev. 10:6, Lev. 10:7. He and his family are forbidden the use of wine, Lev. 10:8-11. Directions to Aaron and his sons concerning the eating of the meat-offerings, etc., Lev. 10:12-15. Moses chides Aaron for not having eaten the sin-offering, Lev. 10:16-18. Aaron excuses himself, and Moses is satisfied, Lev. 10:19, Lev. 10:20.

Leviticus 11 -

Laws concerning clean and unclean animals, Lev. 11:1, Lev. 11:2. Of Quadrupeds, those are clean which divide the hoof and chew the cud, Lev. 11:3. Those to be reputed unclean which do not divide the hoof, though they chew the cud, Lev. 11:4-6. Those to be reputed unclean also which, though they divide the hoof, do not chew the cud, Lev. 11:7. Whosoever eats their flesh, or touches their carcasses, shall be reputed unclean, Lev. 11:8. Of Fish, those are clean, and may be eaten which have fins and scales, Lev. 11:9. Those which have not fins and scales to be reputed unclean, Lev. 11:10-12. Of Fowls, those which are unclean, Lev. 11:13-21. Of Insects, the following may be eaten: the bald locust, beetle, and grasshopper, Lev. 11:22. All others are unclean and abominable, their flesh not to be eaten, nor their bodies touched, Lev. 11:23-25. Farther directions relative to unclean beasts, Lev. 11:26-28. Of Reptiles, and some small quadrupeds, those which are unclean, Lev. 11:29, Lev. 11:39. All that touch them shall be unclean, Lev. 11:31; and the things touched by their dead carcasses are unclean also, Lev. 11:32-35. Large fountains, or pits of water, are not defiled by their carcasses, provided a part of the water be drawn out, Lev. 11:36. Nor do they defile seed by accidentally touching it, provided the water which has touched their flesh do not touch or moisten the seed, Lev. 11:37, Lev. 11:38. A beast that dieth of itself is unclean, and may not be touched or eaten, Lev. 11:39, Lev. 11:40. All creeping things are abominable, Lev. 11:41-44. The reason given for these laws, Lev. 11:45-47.

Leviticus 12 -

Ordinances concerning the purification of women after child-birth, Lev. 12:1; after the birth of a son, who is to be circumcised the eighth day, Lev. 12:2, Lev. 12:3. The mother to be considered unclean for forty days, Lev. 12:4. After the birth of a daughter, fourscore days, Lev. 12:5. When the days of her purifying were ended, she was to bring a lamb for a burnt-offering, and a young pigeon or a turtle-dove for a sin-offering, Lev. 12:6, Lev. 12:7. If poor, and not able to bring a lamb, she was to bring either two turtle-doves or two young pigeons, Lev. 12:8.

Leviticus 13 -

Laws relative to the leprosy. It is to be known by a rising in the flesh, a scab, or a bright spot, Lev. 13:1, Lev. 13:2. When the priest sees these signs he shall pronounce the man unclean, infected with the leprosy, and unfit for society, Lev. 13:3. Dubious or equivocal signs of this disorder, and how the person is to be treated in whom they appear, Lev. 13:4-8. In what state of this disorder the priest may pronounce a man clean or unclean, Lev. 13:9-13. Of the raw flesh, the sign of the unclean leprosy, Lev. 13:14, Lev. 13:15. Of the white flesh, the sign of the leprosy called clean, Lev. 13:16, Lev. 13:17. Of the leprosy which succeeds a boil, Lev. 13:18-20. Equivocal marks relative to this kind of leprosy, Lev. 13:21, Lev. 13:22. Of the burning boil, Lev. 13:23. Of the leprosy arising out of the burning boil, Lev. 13:24, Lev. 13:25. Equivocal marks relative to this kind of leprosy, Lev. 13:26-28. Of the plague on the head or in the beard, Lev. 13:29. Of the scall, and how it is to be treated, Lev. 13:30-37. Of the plague of the bright white spots, Lev. 13:38, Lev. 13:39. Of the bald head, Lev. 13:40, Lev. 13:41. Of the white reddish sore in the bald head, Lev. 13:42-44. The leper shall rend his clothes, put a patch on his upper lip, and cry unclean, Lev. 13:45. He shall be obliged to avoid society, and live by himself without the camp, Lev. 13:46. Of the garments infected by the leprosy, and the signs of this infection, Lev. 13:47-52. Equivocal marks relative to this infection, and how the garment is to be treated, by washing or by burning, Lev. 13:53-58. Conclusion relative to the foregoing particulars, Lev. 13:59.

Leviticus 14 -

Introduction to the sacrifices and ceremonies to be used in cleansing the leper, Lev. 14:1-3. Two living birds, cedar-wood, scarlet, and hyssop, to be brought for him who was to be cleansed, Lev. 14:4. One of the birds to be killed, Lev. 14:5; and the living bird, with the cedar-wood, scarlet, and hyssop, to be dipped in the blood, and to be sprinkled on him who had been infected with the leprosy, Lev. 14:6, Lev. 14:7; after which he must wash his clothes, shave his head, eye brows, beard, etc., bathe himself, tarry abroad seven days, Lev. 14:8, Lev. 14:9; on the eighth day he must bring two he-lambs, one ewe lamb, a tenth deal of flour, and a log of oil, Lev. 14:10; which the priest was to present as a trespass-offering, wave-offering, and sin-offering before the Lord, Lev. 14:11-13. Afterwards he was to sprinkle both the blood and oil on the person to be cleansed, Lev. 14:14-18. The atonement made by these offerings, Lev. 14:19, Lev. 14:20. If the person were poor, one lamb, with the flour and oil, two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, were only required, Lev. 14:21, Lev. 14:22. These to be presented, and the blood and oil applied as before, Lev. 14:23-32. Laws and ordinances relative to houses infected by the leprosy, vv. 33-48. An atonement to be made in order to cleanse the house, similar to that made for the healed leper, Lev. 14:49-53. A summary of this and the preceding chapter, relative to leprous persons, garments, and houses, Lev. 14:54-56. The end for which these different laws were given, Lev. 14:57.

Leviticus 15 -

Laws concerning uncleanness of men, Lev. 15:1-12. Mode of cleansing, Lev. 15:13-15. Of uncleanness, accidental and casual, Lev. 15:16-18. Laws concerning the uncleanness of women, vv. 10-27. Mode of cleansing, Lev. 15:28-30. Recapitulation of the ordinances relative to the preceding cases, Lev. 15:31-33.

Leviticus 16 -

The solemn yearly expiation for the high priest, who must not come at all times into the holy place, Lev. 16:1, Lev. 16:2. He must take a bullock for a sin-offering, and a ram for a burnt-offering, bathe himself, and be dressed in his sacerdotal robes, Lev. 16:3, Lev. 16:4. He shall take two goats, one of which is to be determined by lot to be a sacrifice; the other to be a scapegoat, Lev. 16:5-10. He shall offer a bullock for himself and for his family, Lev. 16:11-14. And shall kill the goat as a sin-offering for the people, and sprinkle its blood upon the mercy-seat, and hallow the altar of burnt-offerings, Lev. 16:15-19. The scapegoat shall be then brought, on the head of which he shall lay his hands, and confess the iniquities of the children of Israel; after which the goat shall be permitted to escape to the wilderness, Lev. 16:20-22. After this Aaron shall bathe himself, and make a burnt-offering for himself and for the people, Lev. 16:23-28. This is to be an everlasting statute, and the day on which the atonement is to be made shall be a Sabbath, or day of rest, through all their generations, Lev. 16:29-34.

Leviticus 17 -

The people are commanded to bring all the cattle they intend to kill to the door of the tabernacle, where they are to be made an offering to the Lord; and those who disobey are to be cut off, Lev. 17:1-5. The priest is to sprinkle the blood, Lev. 17:6. They are forbidden to offer sacrifices to devils, Lev. 17:7. The injunction to bring their offerings to the door of the tabernacle is repeated, Lev. 17:8, Lev. 17:9. The eating of blood is solemnly forbidden, Lev. 17:10. It is the life of the beast, and is given to make an atonement for their souls, Lev. 17:11, Lev. 17:12. If a bird or beast be taken in hunting, its blood must be poured out and covered with dust, for the reasons before assigned, Lev. 17:13, Lev. 17:14. None shall eat an animal that dies of itself, or is torn by beasts; if any act otherwise he must bathe his clothes and his flesh, or bear his iniquity, Lev. 17:15, Lev. 17:16.

Leviticus 18 -

The people are commanded to avoid the doings of the Egyptians and Canaanites, Lev. 18:1-3. They are to do God’s judgments, and to keep his ordinances, that they may live, Lev. 18:4, Lev. 18:5. Marriages with those who are near of kin are prohibited, Lev. 18:6. None to marry with his mother or step-mother, Lev. 18:7, Lev. 18:8; with his sister or step-sister, Lev. 18:9; with his grand-daughter, Lev. 18:10; nor with the daughter of his step-mother, Lev. 18:11; nor with his aunt, by father or mother, Lev. 18:12, Lev. 18:13; nor with his uncle’s wife, Lev. 18:14; nor with his daughter-in-law, Lev. 18:15; nor sister-in-law, Lev. 18:16; nor with a woman and her daughter, son’s daughter, or daughter’s daughter, Lev. 18:17; nor with two sisters at the same time, Lev. 18:18. Several abominations prohibited, Lev. 18:19-23, of which the Canaanites, etc., were guilty, and for which they were cast out of the land, Lev. 18:24, Lev. 18:25. The people are exhorted to avoid these abominations, lest they be treated as the ancient inhabitants of the land were treated, and so cast out, Lev. 18:26-28. Threatenings against the disobedient, Lev. 18:29, and promises to the obedient, Lev. 18:30.

Leviticus 19 -

Exhortations to holiness, and a repetition of various laws, Lev. 19:1, Lev. 19:2 Duty to parents, and observance of the Sabbath, Lev. 19:3. Against idolatry, Lev. 19:4. Concerning peace-offerings, Lev. 19:5-8. The gleanings of the harvest and vintage to be left for the poor, Lev. 19:9, Lev. 19:10. Against stealing and lying, Lev. 19:11; false swearing, Lev. 19:12; defrauding the hireling, Lev. 19:13. Laws in behalf of the deaf and the blind, Lev. 19:14. Against respect of persons in judgment, Lev. 19:15; tale-bearing, Lev. 19:16; hatred and uncharitableness, Lev. 19:17; revenge, Lev. 19:18; unlawful mixtures in cattle, seed, and garments, Lev. 19:19. Laws relative to the bondmaid that is betrothed, Lev. 19:20-22. The fruit of the trees of the land not to be eaten for the first three years, Lev. 19:23; but this is lawful in the fourth and fifth years, Lev. 19:24, Lev. 19:25. Against eating of blood, and using incantations, Lev. 19:26; superstitious cutting of the hair, Lev. 19:27; and cutting of the flesh in the times of mourning, Lev. 19:28; prostitution, Lev. 19:29. Sabbaths to be reverenced, Lev. 19:30. Against consulting those who are wizards, and have familiar spirits, Lev. 19:31. Respect must be shown to the aged, Lev. 19:32. The stranger shall not be oppressed, Lev. 19:33, Lev. 19:34. They shall keep just measures, weights, and balances, Lev. 19:35, Lev. 19:36. Conclusion, Lev. 19:37.

Leviticus 20 -

Of giving seed to Molech, and the punishment of this crime, Lev. 20:1-5. Of consulting wizards, etc., Lev. 20:6-8. Of disrespect to parents, Lev. 20:9. Of adultery, Lev. 20:10. Of incestuous mixtures, Lev. 20:11, Lev. 20:12. Bestiality, Lev. 20:13-16. Different cases of incest and uncleanness, Lev. 20:17-21. Exhortations and promises, Lev. 20:22-24. The difference between clean and unclean animals to be carefully observed, Lev. 20:25. The Israelites are separated from other nations, that they may be holy, Lev. 20:26. A repetition of the law against wizards and them that have familiar spirits, Lev. 20:27.

Leviticus 21 -

The priests shall not mourn for the dead, except for near relatives, such as mother, father, son, daughter, and sister if a virgin, Lev. 21:1-4. They shall not shave their heads nor beards, nor make any cuttings in the flesh, because they are holy unto God, Lev. 21:5, Lev. 21:6. A priest shall not marry a woman who is a whore, profane, or divorced from her husband, Lev. 21:7, Lev. 21:8. Of the priest’s daughter who profanes herself, Lev. 21:9. The high priest shall not uncover his head, or rend his clothes, Lev. 21:10; nor go in unto a dead body, Lev. 21:11; nor go out of the sanctuary, Lev. 21:12. Of his marriage and off-spring, Lev. 21:13-15. No person shall be made a priest that has any blemish nor shall any person with any of the blemishes mentioned here be permitted to officiate in the worship of God, Lev. 21:16-24.

Leviticus 22 -

Of the uncleanness of the priests, by which they were prevented from ministering in holy things, Lev. 22:1-5. How they should be cleansed, Lev. 22:6, Lev. 22:7. The priest must not eat of any animal that had died of itself, or was torn by wild beasts, but must keep God’s ordinances, Lev. 22:8, Lev. 22:9. No stranger, sojourner, nor hired servant shall eat of the holy things, Lev. 22:10. A servant bought with money may eat of them, Lev. 22:11. Who of the priest’s family may not eat of them, Lev. 22:12, Lev. 22:13. Of improper persons who partake of the holy things unknowingly, Lev. 22:14-16. Freewill-offerings, and sacrifices in general, must be without blemish, Lev. 22:17-25. The age at which different animals were to be offered to God, Lev. 22:26, Lev. 22:27. No animal and its young shall be offered on the same day, Lev. 22:28. How the sacrifice of thanks-giving was to be offered, Lev. 22:29, Lev. 22:30. All God’s testimonies to be observed, and the reason, Lev. 22:31-33.

Leviticus 23 -

The feast of the Lord, Lev. 23:1, Lev. 23:2. The Sabbath, Lev. 23:3. The passover and unleavened bread, Lev. 23:4-8. The feast of first-fruits, Lev. 23:9-14. The feast of pentecost, Lev. 23:15-21. Gleanings to be left for the poor, Lev. 23:22. The feast of trumpets, Lev. 23:23-25. The great day of atonement, Lev. 23:26-32. The feast of tabernacles, Lev. 23:33-44.

Leviticus 24 -

Pure olive oil must be provided for the lamps, Lev. 24:1, Lev. 24:2. Aaron is to take care that the lamps be lighted from evening to morning continually, Lev. 24:3, Lev. 24:4. How the shew-bread is to be made and ordered, Lev. 24:5-8. Aaron and his sons shall eat this bread in the holy place, Lev. 24:9. Of the son of Shelomith, an Israelitish woman, who blasphemed the name, Lev. 24:10, Lev. 24:11. He is imprisoned till the mind of the Lord should be known, Lev. 24:12. He is commanded to be stoned to death, Lev. 24:13, Lev. 24:14. The ordinance concerning cursing and blaspheming the Lord, Lev. 24:15, Lev. 24:16. The law against murder, Lev. 24:17. The lex talionis, or law of like for like, repeated, Lev. 24:18-21. This law to be equally binding both on themselves and on strangers, Lev. 24:22. The blasphemer is stoned, Lev. 24:23.

Leviticus 25 -

The law concerning the Sabbatical or seventh year repeated, Lev. 25:1-7. The law relative to the jubilee, or fiftieth year, and the hallowing of the fiftieth, Lev. 25:8-12. In the year of jubilee every one to return unto his possessions, Lev. 25:13. None to oppress another in buying and selling, Lev. 25:14. Purchases to be rated from jubilee to jubilee, according to the number of years unexpired, Lev. 25:15-17. Promises to obedience, Lev. 25:18, Lev. 25:19. Promises relative to the Sabbatical year, Lev. 25:20-22. No inheritance must be finally alienated, Lev. 25:23, Lev. 25:24. No advantage to be taken of a man’s poverty in buying his land, Lev. 25:25-28. Ordinances relative to the selling of a house in a walled city, Lev. 25:29, Lev. 25:30; in a village, Lev. 25:31. Houses of the Levites may be redeemed at any time, Lev. 25:32, Lev. 25:33. The fields of the Levites in the suburbs must not be sold, Lev. 25:34. No usury to be taken from a poor brother, Lev. 25:35-38. If an Israelite be sold to an Israelite, he must not be obliged to serve as a slave, Lev. 25:39, but be as a hired servant or as a sojourner, till the year of jubilee, Lev. 25:40, when he and his family shall have liberty to depart, Lev. 25:41; because God claims all Israelites as his servants, having redeemed them from bondage in Egypt, Lev. 25:42, Lev. 25:43. The Israelites are permitted to have bond-men and bond-women of the heathens, who, being bought with their money, shall be considered as their property, Lev. 25:44-46. If an Israelite, grown poor, be sold to a sojourner who has waxed rich, he may be redeemed by one of his relatives, an uncle or uncle’s son, Lev. 25:47-49. In the interim between the jubilees, he may be redeemed; but if not redeemed, he shall go free in the jubilee, Lev. 25:50-54. Obedience enforced by God’s right over them as his servants, Lev. 25:55.

Leviticus 26 -

Idolatry forbidden, Lev. 26:1. The Sabbath to be sanctified, Lev. 26:2-3. Promises to obedience, of fruitful fields, plentiful harvests, and vintage, Lev. 26:4-5. Of peace and security, Lev. 26:6. Discomfiture of their enemies, Lev. 26:7-9. Of abundance, Lev. 26:10. Of the divine presence, Lev. 26:11-13. Threatenings against the disobedient, Lev. 26:14-15. Of terror and dismay, Lev. 26:16. Their enemies shall prevail against them, Lev. 26:17-18. Of barrenness, Lev. 26:19-20. Of desolation by wild beasts, Lev. 26:21-22. And if not humbled and reformed, worse evils shall be inflicted upon them, Lev. 26:23-24. Their enemies shall prevail, and they shall be wasted by the pestilence, Lev. 26:25-26. If they should still continue refractory, they shall be yet more sorely punished, Lev. 26:27-28. The famine shall so increase that they shall be obliged to eat their own children, Lev. 26:29. Their carcasses shall be cast upon the carcasses of their idols, Lev. 26:30. Their cities shall be wasted, and the sanctuary desolated, Lev. 26:31; the land destroyed, Lev. 26:32; themselves scattered among their enemies, and pursued with utter confusion and distress, Lev. 26:33-39. If under these judgments they confess their sin and return to God, He will remember them in mercy, Lev. 26:40-43; visit them even in the land of their enemies, Lev. 26:44; and remember His covenant with their fathers, Lev. 26:45. The conclusion, stating these to be the judgments and laws which the Lord made between himself and the children of Israel in Mount Sinai, Lev. 26:46.



 

Leviticus 27 -

Laws concerning vows, Lev. 27:1, Lev. 27:2. Of males and females from twenty to sixty years of age, and their valuation, Lev. 27:3, Lev. 27:4. Of the same from five to twenty years, Lev. 27:5. Of the same from a month to five years of age, Lev. 27:6. Of males and females from sixty years old and upwards, and their valuation, Lev. 27:7. The priest shall value the poor according to his ability, Lev. 27:8. Concerning beasts that are vowed, and their valuation, Lev. 27:9-13. Concerning the sanctification of a house, Lev. 27:14, Lev. 27:15. Concerning the field that is sanctified or consecrated to the Lord, to the year of jubilee, Lev. 27:16-24. Every estimation shall be made in shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary, Lev. 27:25. The firstlings of clean beasts, being already the Lord’s, cannot be vowed, Lev. 27:26. That of an unclean beast may be redeemed, Lev. 27:27. Every thing devoted to God shall be unalienable and unredeemable, and continue the Lord’s property till death, Lev. 27:28, Lev. 27:29. All the tithe of the land is the Lord’s, Lev. 27:30; but it may be redeemed by adding a fifth part, Lev. 27:31. The tithe of the herd and the flock is also his, Lev. 27:32. The tenth that passes under the rod shall not be changed, Lev. 27:33. The conclusion of the book, Lev. 27:34.

 

^

Overview

Leviticus is the third book in the Pentateuch, with it's human author being evidenced as Moses (Lv. 1:1; 7:37-38; 14:1-2; cf. Matthew 8:2-4), consisting of “statutes and judgments and laws, which the LORD made between him and the children of Israel in mount Sinai given in mount Sinai by the hand of Moses” (26:46; cf. 27:34), though more liberal scholars disagree. Leviticus is named after the priestly tribe of Levi, descendants of Aaron, Moses' brother and the first high priest of Israel. As a theocracy, it was they who were specifically entrusted with the law, and responsible to it's preservation and propagation. Leviticus as a whole did not simply apply to them, though sections do, but was spoken to all Israel (Lv. 1:2; 4:2; 7:23,29; 11:2; 12:2; 15:2; 18:2; 23:2,10,24,34; 24::15; 25:2; 27:2; 2Chron. 30:16; Neh. 8:14; Jer. 7:22-23; Ezek. 20:11 Mt. 8:4; Lk. 2:22; Jn. 8:5; Rm. 10:4; 13:9; 2Cor. 6:16; Gal. 3:12; 1Pt. 1:16.

Leviticus is evidenced as having fairly standard units:

The Manual of Sacrifice (1-7),

Historical Narrative (8-10),

The Manual of Purity (11-16),

The Holiness Code (17-27).

I. Approaching a holy God: (Lev 1:1) "And the LORD called unto Moses, and spake unto him out of the tabernacle of the congregation, saying," From now on it will be “The LORD spake unto Moses” in which prefaces the beginning of a section or often a subsection, which the below is separated by, in addition to chapters and topics.

A. Laws regarding sacrifice (Cps. 1-7; cf. Acts 2:42)

Chapters

1 Burnt offerings (unblemished animals)

2 Meal offerings

3 Peace offering (animal fat)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

4 :1-5:13 Sin offerings (for sins of ignorance)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

5:14-19 Trespass offerings for sins

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

6:1-7 Laws on stewardship offenses, restitution and offering

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

6:8-18 Burnt and meal offerings; perpetual fire

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

6:19-23 Offering of Aaron and of his sons

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

6:24-7:21 Instruction for priests on sin, trespass, burnt, meal, peace and offerings and their need for sanctity

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

6:22-27 No manner of fat eaten

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

6:28-38 Instructions to congregation on sacrifice of peace offerings as food for priests. Summation of giving of sacrificial laws

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

B. Laws and record about the consecration of priests, and unholy imitation (8-10)

8 Anointing of Aaron and his sons by Moses and offerings thereto. (cf. Acts 2:1-4; 6:1-6) Moses instructions to Aaron and sons

9 Moses commands to Aaron and sons contd. Aaron's sacrifice for himself and the people. God's consumption of the sacrifices by fire, and the people's prostration in awe and fear (cf. Acts 2:43; 4:33)

10 Nadab and Abihu offer strange fire before the Lord, and are supernaturally consumed by fire. (cf. Acts 5:1-13) Instructions for Aaron and his sons regarding the eating of the meat-offerings, etc. Clerical conflict. (cf. Acts 6:1)

II. Living in the presence of a holy God

A. Cps. 11-15 Laws about ritual cleanness; "clean" and "unclean" things (cf. 1Cor. 6:11; Col. 2)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

11 Unclean animals, aquatic life, fowls, insects, reptiles, dead animals ( (Mk. 7:1-23; Acts cf. Acts 10:9-15; Rm. 15:16; 2Cor. 8-10; Col. 2:16; 1Tim. 4:1-5), etc. “To make a difference between the unclean and the clean...” , as a testimony to being a holy, separated people (vs. 45-47)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

12 Childbirth purification and offerings (cf. Heb. 10:22)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

13 Leprosy and skin diseases (cf. Acts 11:1-10)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

14:1-32 Rites and sacrifices in cleansing the leper;

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

14:33-57 The signs of leprosy in a house and remedy

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

15 Discharges and secretions (cf. Col. 2:20,21 )

B. Laws about holiness (16-25)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

16 The scapegoat and Day of Atonement (cf. Is. 5:3; 1Pt. 2:24; 3:18; Heb. 9; 10:1-24). "And this shall be an everlasting statute unto you, to make an atonement for the children of Israel for all their sins once a year. And he did as the LORD commanded Moses." (v. 34)

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

17 Sanctity of Blood: for atonement; not for eating. (cf. Acts 21:25) No sacrifices to devils, etc.

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

18 Laws forbidding illicit sexual unions (Cf. Mt. 5:32; Mk. 7:21; 1Cor. 5:1,9-11; 6:9,13,18; 7:2; 10:8; 2Cor. 12:21; Gal. 5:19; Eph. 5:3; Col. 3:5; 1Ths. 4:3; 1Tim. 1:10; Heb. 12:16; 13:4; Jude 1:7; Rv. 2:14,20,21; 9:21; 14:8; 17:2,4; 18:3,9:19:2; 21:8; 22:15

Additional notes:

First general Levitical admonition to “keep my statutes (18:4,5,26,30; 19:19,30; 20:8,22: 22:31; 25:18; 26:3).

Laws in this chapter are prefaced with the admonition "After the doings of the land of Egypt, wherein ye dwelt, shall ye not do: and after the doings of the land of Canaan, whither I bring you, shall ye not do: neither shall ye walk in their ordinances."

The word for “doings” ma‛ăśeh [H4639] here is unique to Leviticus, and generally refers to works, as in Ps. 106:35, and additionally Israel is forbidden to follow after pagan ordinances (chûqqâh [H2708]), these being laws or statutes, indicating both general as well as religious practices are in view, the latter being made obvious as child sacrifice to Molech (v. 21), this being contrary to foundational law prohibiting murder.

In closing this section, a uniquely repetitious series of solemn warnings is given directly after these sins, in vs. 24-30, stating these “abominations” (tô‛êbah,” often used to denote basic moral sins) are what caused the terminal judgment upon the inhabitants Israel was to conquer. Though not as extensive, such warnings or statements are also seen in such texts as Lv. 20:22,23; Dt. 9:4,5; 12:30,31; 18:12; 1Kg. 14:24; 16:3, but which are not directly seen after laws simply regarding unclean foods and ritual uncleanness.

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

19. Civil and ceremonial laws. Reverence for parents and sabbath; against idolatry and for peace offerings; food provision for the poor; no false swearing; no defrauding; no unjust judgment; no gossip, slander; correction and love for neighbor, no grudges

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

20 Laws against and capital punishments for cursing parents, wizardry, and all sins of cp. 18, except some incestuous relations http://peacebyjesus.witnesstoday.org/Lv.18+20-Dt.27.html Reminder to keep dietary laws as separated people in blessed land.

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

21:1-15 Laws for Priestly sanctification. Mourning; appearance; marriages; holiness of daughter

21:16-24 Unblemished requirements for priests ministering in the sanctuary; provision for blemished ministers

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

22:1-16 Penalty for profaning the holy sanctuary by uncleanness. Provision for cleansing. Other relevant details

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

22:17-25 Requirements unblemished sacrifices

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

22:26-33 Free will offerings. Reminder to keep commandments

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

23:1-8 Feasts and calendar; sabbath, passover, unleavened bread.

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

23:9-22 Feast of Pentecost; Gleanings to be left for the poor;

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

23:23-25 Feast of trumpets

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

23: 26-32 Day of atonement;

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

23:33-44 Feast of tabernacles.

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

24:1-9 Law for lamp oil; shewbread

24:10-12 Record of blasphemy by Israelite son, and seeking the LORD for instruction

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

23 Capital punishment for blasphemy executed by congregation; Also for murder by man or death by beast. Law of restitution. One law for Hebrews and strangers in this context.

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

25 Law of Jubilee years, rest freedom and redemption. Against oppression. Promise of blessings of obedience. Compassion to the poor. Usage of servants and redemption of brethren servants.

III. Covenant blessings and curses

26 Overview. Warning against idolatry, and keeping of Sabbath enjoined. Promise of blessings for obedience, and curses for disobedience; promises for repentance.

IV. Appendix

The LORD spake unto Moses saying...

27 Laws about vows and gifts



Adapted from Hill and Walton and Adam Clarke's commentary

http://peacebyjesus.witnesstoday.org/Lv.18+20-Dt.27.htm